AG1-237 System Impact Study Report
v2.00 released 2024-10-31 16:00
Dequine-Eugene 345 kV
26.0 MW Capacity / 200.0 MW Energy
Introduction
This project is eligible for the Expedited Study process per PJM Tariff Part VII, Subpart B, section 304 and will follow the Expedited Study Process rules outlined in PJM Manual 14H, Attachment I.3.4.
Projects in the Expedited Process will receive a retooled System Impact Study report with the Transition Cycle #1 projects (AE1-AG1) removed from the base case model used for their study. This System Impact Study (SIS) report has been prepared for the AG1-237 project using the updated case model. PJM performed reliability analysis for the project based on the serial study approach using the legacy Generator Deliverability Study method outlined in Manual 14B, Attachment C.3 (Revision 51 of M14B). Summer peak and light load load flow analysis was performed. Short circuit and dynamic stability impacts were also analyzed.
The interconnected Transmission Owner (TO) for this project is American Electric Power. The TO has provided their updated TO analysis results on the lower voltage system based on their own criteria.
This System Impact Study report summarizes both the PJM and TO analysis results for your project.
Note: This updated SIS report does not include any Physical Interconnection Facilities scope or cost estimates from the TO. As this project is in the Expedited Process, a Facilities Study will be conducted by the TO (and any affected Transmission Owner(s)) for updated Physical Interconnection Facilities and System Reinforcement (Network Upgrade) costs. The Facilities Study will be issued to the Project Developers along with the Generator Interconnection Agreement (GIA) as part of the Expedited Process.
General
The developer has proposed a Wind generating facility located in the American Electric Power zone — Indiana. The installed facilities will have a total capability of 200.0 MW with 26.0 MW of this output being recognized by PJM as Capacity.
| Project Information | |
|---|---|
| New Service Request Number | AG1-237 |
| Project Name | Dequine-Eugene 345 kV |
| Developer Name | Invenergy Wind Development LLC |
| State | Indiana |
| County | Undetermined |
| Transmission Owner | American Electric Power |
| MFO | 200.0 MW |
| MWE | 200.0 MW |
| MWC | 26.0 MW |
| Fuel Type | Wind |
| Basecase Study Year | 2024 |
Point of Interconnection
AG1-237 will interconnect on the AEP transmission system tapping the Eugene to Dequine 345 kV line with a new IMTCo substation. The transmission line tap will be located approximately 8.94 miles from Dequine 345 kV Substation and 36.36 miles from Eugene 345 kV Substation.
Attachment 1 shows a one-line diagram of the proposed interconnection of the AG1-237 generation project to the ARP transmission system.
Transmission Owner Analysis
No violations.
Summer Peak Analysis
The Project was evaluated as a 200.0 MW (Capacity 26.0 MW) injection in the AEP area. Project was evaluated for compliance with applicable reliability planning criteria (PJM, NERC, NERC Regional Reliability Councils, and Transmission Owners). Potential Summer peak period network impacts were as follows:
| Summer Peak Analysis | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Facility Description | Contingency Name | Contingency Type | DC|AC | Initial Loading | Final Loading | Rating (MVA) | Rating Type | MVA to Mitigate | MW Contribution | |
| AEP/OVEC |
05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line
242865 to 248000 ckt Z1 |
AEP_P4_#6189_05HANG R 765_D1
CONTINGENCY 'AEP_P4_#6189_05HANG R 765_D1' OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 242921 TO BUS 242924 CKT 1 /*05CORNU 765.0 - 05HANG R 765.0 OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 242921 TO BUS 242934 CKT 1 /*05CORNU 765.0 - 05CORNU 345.0 OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 242924 TO BUS 243208 CKT 1 /*05HANG R 765.0 - 05JEFRSO 765.0 REMOVE UNIT 1A FROM BUS 247245 /*05HRKG1A 18.0 REMOVE UNIT 1B FROM BUS 247246 /*05HRKG1B 18.0 REMOVE UNIT 1S FROM BUS 247247 /*05HRKG1S 18.0 REMOVE UNIT 2A FROM BUS 247248 /*05HRKG2A 18.0 REMOVE UNIT 2B FROM BUS 247249 /*05HRKG2B 18.0 REMOVE UNIT 2S FROM BUS 247250 /*05HRKG2S 18.0 END |
Breaker | AC | 102.9 % | 106.74 % | 2255.0 | B | 2406.99 | 26.34 | |
Summer Potential Congestion due to Local Energy Deliverability
PJM also studied the delivery of the energy portion of this interconnection request. Any problems identified below are likely to result in operational restrictions to the project under study. The developer can proceed with network upgrades to eliminate the operational restriction at their discretion by submitting an Upgrade Request.
Note: Only the most severely overloaded conditions are listed below. There is no guarantee of full delivery of energy for this project by fixing only the conditions listed in this section.
| Summer Potential Congestion due to Local Energy Deliverability | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Facility Description | Contingency Name | Contingency Type | DC|AC | Initial Loading | Final Loading | Rating (MVA) | Rating Type | MVA to Mitigate | MW Contribution | |
| AEP/NIPS |
05MEADOW-17REYNOLDS 345.0 kV Ckt 2 line
243878 to 255205 ckt 2 |
AEP_P1-2_#8695
CONTINGENCY 'AEP_P1-2_#8695' OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 243878 TO BUS 255205 CKT 1 /*05MEADOW 345.0 - 17REYNOLDS 345.0 END |
OP | AC | 102.91 % | 108.46 % | 1868.0 | B | 2026.03 | 104.53 | |
| AEP/NIPS |
05MEADOW-17REYNOLDS 345.0 kV Ckt 1 line
243878 to 255205 ckt 1 |
AEP_P1-2_#8807
CONTINGENCY 'AEP_P1-2_#8807' OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 243878 TO BUS 255205 CKT 2 /*05MEADOW 345.0 - 17REYNOLDS 345.0 END |
OP | AC | 102.88 % | 108.43 % | 1868.0 | B | 2025.44 | 104.5 | |
Light Load Analysis
The Project was evaluated as a 200.0 MW (Capacity 26.0 MW) injection in the AEP area. Project was evaluated for compliance with applicable reliability planning criteria (PJM, NERC, NERC Regional Reliability Councils, and Transmission Owners). Potential light load period network impacts were as follows:
| Light Load Analysis | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Facility Description | Contingency Name | Contingency Type | DC|AC | Initial Loading | Final Loading | Rating (MVA) | Rating Type | MVA to Mitigate | MW Contribution | |
| AEP |
05ALLEN-05RPMONE 345.0 kV Ckt 1 line
243211 to 242933 ckt 1 |
AEP_P1-2_#7441_100545-A
CONTINGENCY 'AEP_P1-2_#7441_100545-A' OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 242928 TO BUS 958430 CKT 1 /*05MARYSV 765.0 - AF2-137 TAP 765.0 END |
Single | DC | 119.14 % | 120.31 % | 897.0 | B | 1079.18 | 10.48 | |
| AEP |
05ALLEN-05RPMONE 345.0 kV Ckt 1 line
243211 to 242933 ckt 1 |
AEP_P1-2_#7441_100545-B
CONTINGENCY 'AEP_P1-2_#7441_100545-B' OPEN BRANCH FROM BUS 958430 TO BUS 246999 CKT 1 /*AF2-137 TAP 765.0 - 05SORENS 765.0 END |
Single | DC | 115.83 % | 117.0 % | 897.0 | B | 1049.49 | 10.48 | |
Light Load Potential Congestion due to Local Energy Deliverability
(No impacts were found for this analysis)
Short Circuit Analysis
PJM Short Circuit Analysis did not identify any new overduty breakers or >3% contribution to previously identified overduty breakers.
Stability Analysis
Executive Summary
Generator Interconnection Request AG1-237 is for a 200.0 MW Maximum Facility Output (MFO) wind generation plant. AG1-237 consists of 70 x GE-3.03-140 wind turbines at 2.926 MW each. AG1-237 has a Point of Interconnection (POI) at the existing Dequine-Eugene 345 kV station, in the American Electric Power (AEP), Indiana County, Virginia.
This report describes a dynamic simulation analysis of AG1-237 as part of the overall system impact study.
The load flow scenario for the analysis was based on the RTEP 2024 peak load case, modified to include applicable queue projects. AG1-237 has been dispatched online at maximum power output, with 1.0 p.u. voltage at the generator bus.
AG1-237 was tested for compliance with NERC, PJM, Transmission Owner and other applicable criteria. Steady-state condition and 133 contingencies were studied, each with a 20 second simulation time period. Studied faults included:
a) Steady-state operation (20 second run);
b) Three-phase faults with normal clearing time; (and with unsuccessful high-speed reclosing)
c) Single-phase bus faults with normal clearing time;
d) Single-phase faults with stuck breaker;
e) Single-phase faults placed at 80% of the line with delayed (Zone 2) clearing at line end remote from the fault due to primary communications/relay failure;
f) Three-phase faults with loss of multiple-circuit tower line (and with unsuccessful high-speed reclosing).
For all simulations, the queue project under study along with the rest of the PJM system were required to maintain synchronism and with all states returning to an acceptable new condition following the disturbance.
For all of the fault contingencies tested on the 2024 peak load case:
a) AG1-237 was able to ride through the faults (except for faults where protective action trips a generator(s)),
b) The system with AG1-237 included are transiently stable and post-contingency oscillations were positively damped with a damping margin of at least 3% for interarea modes and 4% for local modes.
c) Following fault clearing, all bus voltages recovered to a minimum of 0.7 per unit after 2.5 seconds (except where protective action isolates that bus).
d) No transmission element tripped, other than those either directly connected or designed to trip as a consequence of that fault.
The reactive power capability of AG1-237 meets the 0.95 lagging and leading PF requirement at the high side of the main transformer.
The composite short-circuit ratio (CSCR) assessment was performed for inverter-based renewable generation units which are within one (1) substation away of AG1-237. The CSCR results are summarized in Table 7 through Table 12 and revealed a minimum and maximum CSCR values of 3.62 for P7.04 and 6.38 for P4.10, respectively.
AG1-237 exhibited slow reactive power recovery within the 20 second simulation window for several contingencies. This issue was mitigated by increasing Kc value 0 to 0.15 and Ki from 1.0 to 4.0 in REPCTA1 dynamic model.
The IPCMD and IQCMD states in the REPCTA1 model of AG1-237 showed erratic behavior for some contingencies in which AG1-237 has been disconnected as part of the contingency event. Since the machine is disconnected and no active or reactive power is injected into the system, this behavior is likely fictitious and a limitation of the software. This does not cause instability in the system.
Reactive Power Analysis
The reactive power capability of AG1-237 meets the 0.95 lagging and leading PF requirement at the high side of the main transformer.
Steady-State Voltage Analysis
Steady State Voltage analysis is not required for this project at this time.
New Service Request Dependencies
The Projects below are listed in one or more dispatch for the overloads identified in your report. These projects contribute to the loading of the overloaded facilities identified in your report. The percent overload of a facility and cost allocation you may have towards a particular reinforcement could vary depending on the action of these earlier projects. The status of each project at the time of the analysis is presented in the table. This list may change if any earlier projects withdraw. This table is valid for load flow analyses only.
| New Service Requests Dependencies | ||
|---|---|---|
| Project | Project Name | Status |
| AA1-018 | Powerton-Goodings Grove | In Service |
| AA1-146 | Nelson | In Service |
| AB1-006 | Meadow Lake 345kV | In Service |
| AB1-087 | Sullivan 345kV #1 | Engineering & Procurement |
| AB1-088 | Sullivan 345kV #2 | Engineering & Procurement |
| AB1-122 | Kendall-Tazewell & Dresden-Mole Creek | In Service |
| AB2-047 | Brokaw-Pontiac Midpoint | In Service |
| AB2-070 | Mt. Pulaski-Brokaw | In Service |
| AC1-033 | Kewanee 138 kV | In Service |
| AC1-053 | Lanesville-Brokaw | Under Construction |
| AC1-110 | Aurora 138kV | In Service |
| AC1-142A | Joliet | In Service |
| AC1-168 | Kewanee-Streator | Suspended |
| AC1-173 | Logtown 138kV | In Service |
| AC1-214 | Crescent Ridge | In Service |
| AC2-088 | S. Bethel-Brown 69kV | In Service |
| AC2-140 | DC Cook Unit 2 | In Service |
| AC2-154 | Davis Creek 138kV | Suspended |
| AC2-157 | Sullivan 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AC2-176 | Jay 138 kV | In Service |
| AD1-067 | Mendota Hills | In Service |
| AD1-100 | Loretto-Wilton 345 kV & Braidwood-Davis Creek 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AD1-136 | South Bethel-Brown 69 kV | In Service |
| AD1-148 | Brokaw-Lanesville | In Service |
| AD2-038 | Powerton-Nevada 345 kV | Under Construction |
| AD2-047 | Davis Creek 138 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AD2-060 | Davis Creek 138kV | Suspended |
| AD2-066 | Mazon-Crescent Ridge 138 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AD2-091 | Hardin Tap 345kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AD2-096 | Marysville 345kV | Suspended |
| AD2-134 | Shady Oaks | Partially in Service - Under Construction |
| AD2-194 | Elwood 345 kV | Partially in Service - Under Construction |
| AE1-113 | Mole Creek 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE1-163 | Powerton-Nevada 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE1-166 | Loretto-Wilton & Braidwood-Davis Creek | Active |
| AE1-205 | McLean 345 kV | Active |
| AE1-209 | Desoto 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE1-210 | Desoto 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE2-045 | Olive-Reynolds 345 kV | Active |
| AE2-062 | Romeoville 12 kV | In Service |
| AE2-152 | Loretto-Wilton & Braidwood-Davis Creek | Active |
| AE2-172 | Mississinewa-Gaston 138 kV | Suspended |
| AE2-216 | Hardin Switch 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE2-255 | Molecreek 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AE2-276 | Sullivan 345kV | Active |
| AE2-281 | Powerton-Nevada 345 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AF1-045 | Cedarville-Ford 138 kV | Suspended |
| AF1-090 | Kincaid-Pana | Active |
| AF1-092 | Huntington Jct. 138 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AF1-118 | Sorenson-Desoto 345 kV | Active |
| AF1-119 | Keystone-Desoto 345 kV | Active |
| AF1-148 | Sorenson-Desoto 345 kV | Active |
| AF1-158 | Edison-Gravel Pit 138 kV | Partially in Service - Under Construction |
| AF1-202 | Keystone-Desoto 345 kV | Active |
| AF1-207 | Reynolds-Olive #1 345 kV | Active |
| AF1-215 | Olive-Reynolds 345 kV | In Service |
| AF1-249 | Nickel 12.47 kV | Under Construction |
| AF1-285 | Gunn Road 345 kV | Under Construction |
| AF1-322 | Meadow Lake 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-027 | Zion Energy Center 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-031 | Calumet | Active |
| AF2-032 | Kincaid 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-078 | Reynolds-Olive #1 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-132 | Reynolds-Olive #1 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-133 | Reynolds-Olive #2 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-134 | Olive-Reynolds #2 345 kV | In Service |
| AF2-191 | New Carlisle 138 kV | Withdrawn |
| AF2-204 | Van Buren-Delaware 138 kV | Active |
| AF2-205 | Olive-Reynolds #2 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-252 | Blue Mound 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-305 | Brokaw-Lanesville 345 kV | In Service |
| AF2-317 | Hill Topper 345 kV | In Service |
| AF2-352 | Blue Mound 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-359 | Olive-University Park 345 kV | Active |
| AF2-376 | Timber Switch 138 kV | Active |
| AF2-377 | Logtown 138 kV | Active |
| AF2-408 | Fall Creek 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-003 | Marysville-Sorenson 765 kV | Active |
| AG1-004 | Marysville-Sorenson 765 kV | Active |
| AG1-017 | Jay 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-044 | Whiteside County | In Service |
| AG1-222 | Guardian-Twin Branch 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-302 | Olive-Reynolds #1 345 kV | Active |
| AG1-323 | Blue Jacket 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-324 | Jay-Desoto 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-349 | Olive-Reynolds #2 345 kV | Active |
| AG1-366 | Allen 345 kV | Active |
| AG1-398 | Brokaw-Lanesville 345 kV | In Service |
| AG1-414 | Mississinewa 138 kV | Active |
| AG1-478 | Wilmington 34.5 kV | Engineering & Procurement |
| AG1-512 | University Park North 345 kV | Active |
| AG1-513 | Aurora 138 kV | Suspended |
| AG1-555 | Dequine 345 kV | Active |
| V3-007 | Desoto-Tanners Creek #1 345kV | In Service |
| W2-048 | Brokaw-Lanesville | In Service |
| W4-005 | Blue Mound-Latham | In Service |
| X2-022 | Brokaw-Lanesville | In Service |
| X2-052 | Dumont-Olive 345kV | In Service |
| X3-005 | Wildwood 12kV | In Service |
| Y1-054 | Rochelle 138kV | In Service |
| Y3-099 | Beckjord 2 MW-1 | In Service |
| Z1-065 | Wiley 34.5kV | In Service |
| Z1-072 | Crescent Ridge | In Service |
| Z1-073 | Mendota Hills | In Service |
| Z2-087 | Pontiac MidPoint-Brokaw 345kV | In Service |
| Z2-115 | Deer Creek 12.47kV | In Service |
Affected Systems
System Reinforcements
The AG1-237 project may be responsible for a contribution to the following estimated System Reinforcement (Network Upgrade) costs as shown below. The Network Upgrades listed below are required to alleviate a reliability criteria violation identified in the Network Impact analysis that PJM has performed for this System Impact Study. No physical Interconnection Facilities costs are included in this cost table.
| AG1-237 System Reinforcements Cost Allocation | RTEP ID | Title | MW Impact | Percent Allocation | Allocated Cost ($USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Total: | $0 | |||
Note 1: PJM Open Access Transmission Tariff (OATT) Part VI, section 217.3A outlines cost allocation rules for the Expedited Process projects. These rules are further clarified in PJM Manual 14A, Attachment B.
Note 2: To Project Developers with System Reinforcements listed: If your present cost allocation to a System Reinforcement indicates $0, then please be aware that if a prior project in the Expedited Process withdraws from the cycle, the cost responsibilities can change and a cost allocation may be assigned to your project. In addition, although the cost allocation to a System Reinforcement is presently $0, your project may need this system reinforcement completed to be deliverable to the PJM system. If your project desires to possibly come into service prior to completion of the system reinforcement, you would need to request an interim deliverability study to determine if all or a portion of your project would be deliverable.
| System Reinforcement Details | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| RTEP ID | Title | Total Cost | Time Estimate |
| n4106.3 | Extend One (1) Tower on the Jefferson - Clifty Creek (IKEC) 345 kV Circuit | $409,714 | 12 to 18 Months |
Contingent Note: Based on PJM cost allocation criteria, AG1-237 currently does not receive cost allocation towards this upgrade. As changes to the PJM process occur (such as other projects withdrawing from the cycle or reducing in size) AG1-237 could receive cost allocation. Although AG1-237 may not presently have cost responsibility for this upgrade, AG1-237 may need this upgrade in-service to be deliverable to the PJM system. If AG1-237 desires to come into service prior to completion of the upgrade, the Project Developer will need to request PJM to perform an interim study to determine if they would be deliverable for all or a portion of their output for each delivery year until the upgrade is complete.
Description: A sag check will be required for the ACSR ~ 2156 ~ 84/19 ~ BLUEBIRD Conductor Section 1 to determine if the line section can be operated above its emergency rating. Z1-070 LTF Facilities Study sag study results: Jefferson Clifty Creek 345 kV line work will include one location of grading to remediate clearance location of concern in span 1 to 2. From latest Facility Study for AF1-215: Extend One (1) Tower on the Jefferson - Clifty Creek (IKEC) 345 kV Circuit
| Flowgates Addressed by this Reinforcement | |
|---|---|
| Facility | Contingency |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (Any) |
| New Ratings | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Facility | Rating Set | Rating Type | Rating Value |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (All) | B | 2826.0 MVA |
| System Reinforcement Details | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| RTEP ID | Title | Total Cost | Time Estimate |
| b3748 | Replace four Clifty Creek 345 kV 3000A switches with 5000 A 345 kV switches | $850,000 | TBD |
Contingent Note: Although AG1-237 may not presently have cost responsibility for this upgrade, AG1-237 may need this upgrade in-service to be deliverable to the PJM system. If AG1-237 desires to come into service prior to completion of the upgrade, the Project Developer will need to request PJM to perform an interim study to determine if they would be deliverable for all or a portion of their output for each delivery year until the upgrade is complete.
Description: Replace four Clifty Creek 345 kV 3000A switches with 5000 A 345 kV switches. Projected IS 6/2023 Replaces project n4106.1
| Flowgates Addressed by this Reinforcement | |
|---|---|
| Facility | Contingency |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (Any) |
| New Ratings | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Facility | Rating Set | Rating Type | Rating Value |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (All) | B | 2354.0 MVA |
| System Reinforcement Details | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| RTEP ID | Title | Total Cost | Time Estimate |
| n4106 | Replace Two (2) Switches at the Clifty Creek 345 kV Station | $536,791 | 18 to 24 Months |
Contingent Note: Based on PJM cost allocation criteria, AG1-237 currently does not receive cost allocation towards this upgrade. As changes to the PJM process occur (such as other projects withdrawing from the cycle or reducing in size) AG1-237 could receive cost allocation. Although AG1-237 may not presently have cost responsibility for this upgrade, AG1-237 may need this upgrade in-service to be deliverable to the PJM system. If AG1-237 desires to come into service prior to completion of the upgrade, the Project Developer will need to request PJM to perform an interim study to determine if they would be deliverable for all or a portion of their output for each delivery year until the upgrade is complete.
Description: Replace Two (2) Switches at the Clifty Creek 345 kV Station
| Flowgates Addressed by this Reinforcement | |
|---|---|
| Facility | Contingency |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (Any) |
| New Ratings | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Facility | Rating Set | Rating Type | Rating Value |
| 05JEFRSO-06CLIFTY 345.0 kV Ckt Z1 line | (All) | B | 2354.0 MVA |
Attachments
An updated one line diagram will be provided in the Facilities Study report for the Expedited Process projects.